Биология

В статье рассматриваются вопросы, касающиеся возможных причин различной стресс-устойчивости самок и самцов. Было проведено измерение активности сукцинатдегидрогеназы, цитратсинтазы и АТФ-азы, полярографическое исследование дыхания на различных субстратах митохондрий самок и самцов в условиях покоя и острого стресса. Обнаружено, что острый стресс приводит к активации энергетического обмена в митохондриях.

В статье освещается один из аспектов модернизации российского биологического образования - использование учебно-материальной базы обучения биологии. Приводятся экспериментальные данные по состоянию кабинетов биологии 100 школ Саратовской области. Авторы показывают пути развития кабинетов биологии на современном этапе.

В статье рассматриваются методы оценки пластичности, стабильности и гомеостатичности, обсуждается последовательность оценки экспериментального материала по адаптивным свойствам растений.

Little is known about the functions of the principal matrix components and about the role of cell surface structures in the formation and stabilization of Azospirillum biofilms. It is known that as compared with A. brasilense strain Sp245, its flhB1, fabG1, and mmsB1 mutants, defective in flagellar assembly, form biofilms less well. We made comparative study of bacterial aggregation, biofilm formation, and the effect of DNAase on biofilms.

The article is devoted to the study of bacteria in the system of technical water supply of Balakovo nuclear power plant (BNPP). The work was carried out in 2017. The samples were taken at the following sites: backup diesel generator of the 3rd unit (rode’s-3), pumping station of feeding pond-cooler (PSFPC), coastal pump station of unit 3 (CPS-U3), coastal pumping station of power unit № 4 (CPSP-U4), turbine hall of power unit № 3 (TH-PU3), turbine hall of power unit № 4 (TH-PU4).

Methods of differentiation and identification of Yersinia pestis strains of medieval biovar by real-time PCR method with hybridization-fluorescent results’ registration and SNP typing method have been developed. Ninety-one Y. pestis strains of medieval biovar from the plague foci of Russia and other CIS countries, received from the State Collection of Pathogenic Bacteria at the Russian Research Anti-Plague Institute “Microbe”, were used in this work. The strains of medieval biovar are represented by four already known phylogenetic lines: 2.MED0, 2.MED1, 2.MED2, 2.MED3.

Extracellular and membrane polysaccharides of halophilic bacteria arouse the interest of researchers as promising biopolymers involved in adaptation and maintenance of normal physiology of microorganisms in saline environments that accompany many biotechnological processes. This work aimed at structural characteristic of surface glycopolymers of halophilic Gram-negative bacteria isolated from the salt samples of the lakes Qarun (Egypt) and Elton (Russia) – strains Chromohalobacter salexigens EG1QL3 and Halomonas ventosae RU5S2EL, respectively.

Cholera remains a global threat to public health. Even sporadic cases of importation of the infection cause significant socio-economic damage. In connection with the current situation, the development and improvement of modern safe chemical vaccines against cholera caused by V. cholerae O1 and O139 serogroups plays an important role in reducing the incidence, which is an important and promising direction of scientific research. 

Many modern selection technologies are based on the use of haploid plants as a starting material. The spontaneous frequency of haploid development is very low (0.01–0.1%). In this regard, the creation of plant forms with increased frequency of parthenogenesis is important. The collection of corn lines with an increased frequency of haploid plants in the progeny was created at the Department of Genetics of the Saratov State University. High costs are required for maintain of a plant collections in the field.

Characterization of the species composition of the dominant representatives of Protozoa in natural plague foci is important for the study of certain aspects of ecology and persistence mechanisms of Yersinia pestis. Determination of systematic belonging of amoebas isolated from the soils of the Gorno-Altai high-mountain plague focus in 2016 year was carried out by analyzing nucleotide sequences of ribosomal genes of these protozoans. The analyzed sequences of ribosomal genes were obtained by PCR with specific primers followed by sequencing of PCR products.