Биология

The study of acoustic signals from various representatives of insects, and in particular coleopterans, has a long history. In the Russian-language literature, systematic, faunistic and ecological studies on aquatic beetles, including those on the family Hydrophilidae, are widely known; however, studies on the bioacoustics of the coleopteran group are quite rare. The aim of our study was to study stress signals of two species of Hydrophilidae – Berosus frontifoveatus Kuwert, 1888 and Berosus spinosus Steven, 1808.

The quality of grain means a set of technologico-biochemical, baking and food properties determining the economic value of a grain variety. When choosing source material for selection, the degree of grain preservation in adverse environmental conditions is taken into account as well as the genotypic potential of grain yield and quality.

This article provides comparison analysis between 1950–1959’s and 2000–2009’s periods for duration and schedule dates of awakening, spreading and hibernation phases for Spermophilus pygmaeus populations located in the Caspian Depression (by example of Astrakhan Oblast). We learned that within a period of maximum temperature rise in February 2000–2009’s durations of S.pygmaeus’ populations of every phonological phase have shortened and been rescheduled with earlier dates (in comparison to 1950–1959’s).

Glauconite, a natural aluminosilicate, exhibits good sorption properties, is an affordable, cheap material, and has the prospect of being used in construction, ecology, medicine, cosmetology, animal husbandry, poultry farming, agriculture, etc. An urgent task is to study the sorption activity of glauconite in the Beloozersky deposit in the Saratov region in relation to biologically active substances for the creation of antimicrobial composites. The elemental composition and surface morphology of glauconite grains are determined.

The article presents the results of a long-term of study of biological features of 54 sorts of Clematis L. genus of collection of the SouthUral Botanical Garden-Institute of UFRC RAS. The aim of the work was to summarize the introduction studies for the possibility of successful use of clematis sorts in vertical gardening in the Bashkir Cis-Urals and adjacent territories.

The aim of the research was to establish features in macrosporogenesis, macrogametogenesis, and embryogenesis in Picea species (native species P. abies and introduced species P. canadensis and P. pungens) in the Botanical Garden of Petrozavodsk State University (middle taiga subzone). To study the development of the generative sphere, shoots with generative buds and strobiles from the southwestern side of the crown were cut from 10 trees and fixed in a mixture of alcohol and glycerin.

Lipid peroxidation is a key factor in programmed cell death of various etiologies. This process also occurs when ionizing radiation acts on biological systems. It is the essence of the theory of lipid radiotoxins, which is part of the structural and metabolic theory of the biological action of ionizing radiation. Non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation eventually leads to death by the mechanism of ferroptosis, while enzymatic lipid peroxidation, catalyzed by the cytochrome c-cardiolipin complex, triggers apoptosis along the mitochondrial pathway.

The objects of the study were plants of 14 varieties of durum wheat Triticum durum Desf. Cultivation was carried out in a climatic chamber at a temperature of 18 ± 1°C under the conditions of a sixteen-hour photoperiod. To study the growth characteristics of the root system of seedlings, the length of the main root and the length of the adventitious roots of the upper and lower tiers were measured; thus, the growth rate of the root system was determined.

The paper presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of the viability and decorativeness of 20 samples of 17 taxa of the genus Crataegus L. when introduced into the Kola North. The study is one of the stages of a systematic description of the adaptive state of plants of the genus Crataegus when introduced into the conditions of the Far North.

In 22 small anthropogenic reservoirs with an area of 0.4 to 62 ha located in the territory of the Udmurt Republic, individuals of different fish species were captured and water samples were taken in late spring for analysis of NO3 –, NO2 – and NH4 + content. In many reservoirs, concentrations of ammonium exceed the maximum permissible according to the fishing standards for water quality, and in some this is also the case with nitrites.