Биология

Materials on brich, balsam poplar water deficit under polymetallic pollution are presented in this article. The purpose of this work content of water in leaves of a birch, poplar in morning, midday and afternoon hours is defined. The relative vital condition of wood plants in the conditions of pollution of the Sterlitamak industrial center and in a zone of conditional control is estimated. There have been investigated root systems of wood plants.

We developed various options of biologically active agents based on the core–shell structure technology. They were obtained by layering biocompatible polymer on the surface of the carriers. As a core, we used a heterocyclic compound comprising of enamine and flavonoid nanoaggregates. As a shell, we used polу azolidinе аmmonium modified by iodine hydrate-ions. Our results implied a significant increase in antimicrobial activity of the preparations developed by us.

Species composition, quantitative indicators and the occurrence of bacteria and fungi associated with apple shoots in the Saratov region were studied. On the surface shoots isolated 12 species of bacteria, and 4 species of fungi, of the internal environment – 14 species of bacteria and 3 species of fungi. The most common surface associates apple shoots appeared bacterium Bacillus subtilis, Pantoea agglomerans, fungus Alternaria sp. and Fusarium tricinctum, internal environment shoots – Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Penicillium sp.

Research of eight populations of a rare species Primula farinosa L (syn. Р. algida auct. fl. colch.) in Ritsinsky relic national park (Abkhazia Republic) is conducted. The studied coenopopulations are located at the height of 1645–2250 m above sea level. Total number of species in them makes about 2200 pieces. In the majority of morphometric parameters coenopopulations from the natural boundary Pyv. On vital state three populations are carried to prospering, two – to equilibrium and three populations depressive.

The history development of physiology of plants in Saratov, the basic directions of studying of plant biology, activity of known scientists of Russia is considered: V. R. Zalenskogo, A. R. Kizelja, A. A. Richter, N. A. Maksimova, I. V. Krasovsky and V. A. Kumakova. 

Key to the subfamilies of chironomids (Chironominae) based on the morphology of the male genitalia includes 16 genus and 45 species found in the Volga river floodplain lakes (Saratov region). For the six species of the four genera of the tribe Chironomini (Einfeldia sp.1, Chironomus sp. (Lobochironomus), Dicrotendipes sp.1, Dicrotendipes sp.2, Parachironomus sp., Polypedilum sp.) described morphological differences from the known and the most directly comparable species. 

It was established that gene expression exp1, encoding a specific transcription factor was activated during transition the vegetative to the generative stage of development in cultivating xylotrophic basidiomycete Lentinus edodes (shiitake) on wood substrate. Especially this is characteristic from stage previous of fruiting and connected with the formation of brown mycelial mat.

To study the resistance of isolated rhizobacterium Bacillus sp. 14 to cadmium (II), bioaccumulation of the metal by this microorganism was investigated. It was shown that accumulation of cadmium (II) occurs during the exponential phase of the microorganism’s growth. The predominant role of the extracellular surface of the growing cells Bacillus sp. 14 in the cadmium (II) resistance was clarified.

Ants are essential component of ecosystems. Their success is due to the social organization, the ability to alter habitat and use a variety of food resources. Food objects of ants are not large invertebrates, seeds of plants and honeydew aphids. The activity of ant in community dedicated to different time slots. We have founded the dominant group of ants in size in the studied associations (Tetramorium caespitum – in forest; Lasius alienus and species of the genus Myrmica – in steppe). Installed the fauna of 5 living in the ant nests of studied species.

Was studied the peculiarities of tissue changes of bioelectric potentials of spring wheat seedlings in the early stages of ontogeny. Appreciated the contribution of the spectral composition of light and simulated drought conditions on the formation of action potentials in the tissues. It was found that the bioelectrical reaction of wheat seedlings to light exposure differs from etiolated plants and pre-lit. It shows more value to generate an action potential areas of blue and red region of the spectrum.