Экология

The environmental quality in the territory of Yakutsk city has been assessed by the leaf fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and seed quality (germinating capacity and germination energy) of the silver birch Betula pendula Roth. A total of 2,300 birch leaves were collected at 25 sites in vicinity of roadways and 21 samples of seeds were collected in the same sites. FA level at different sites varied within 0.042–0.057, which implies that the environmental quality varied from relatively normal to critical.

To assess the ecological status of water bodies, phytoplankton development indicators are widely used. The article deals with the use of microalgae in the assessment of water quality using the example of the Barskoye Lake. Collection and processing of hydrobiological material were carried out in the autumn of 2016 by standard methods. Phytoplankton is represented by 76 taxa below the genus belonging to 7 divisions: Chlorophyta (30), Bacillariophyta (16), Cyanophyta/Cyanoprocaryota (12), Euglenorhyta (7), Chrysorhyta (5), Сryptоphyta (3), Dinophyta (3).

The study of intraspecific variability of rare plants allows to estimate the level of phenotypical variability, to establish borders of populations, to characterize microevolutionary processes, to reveal the ecological factors influencing formation of structure of populations that finally promotes preservation of a gene pool of rare species. Work purpose: studying of intraspecific variability of rare species Iris pumila L. in the south of the Cis-Urals of Bashkortostan Republic.

The characteristics of the flora and steppe communities of the nature monument of regional importance of the Saratov region «Blue Mountain » is given. The flora of the territory has preserved features of the forest, which is manifested in the head of the family spectrum of the corresponding floristic sample. At the same time as a result of the fires that occurred, the type of forest changed: the oak tree was replaced by aspen. A high position in the family spectrum of Rosaceae is noted, which is not typical for the subzone of turf-grass steppes.

Inventory needing protection plant communities is one of the directions of modern phytocenosical and ecologocal research. The Экология 365 information-technology support play the important role. This article provides information about the structure of electronic database “Needing protection plant communities of the Saratov region”.

Pear moth – Cydia pyrivora is a narrow oligophage, whose larvae feed on the pith and pulp of fruit pears. In the region the species is connected here with warm biotopes on the Volga’s slopes and inhabits garden plots and abandoned gardens with pear trees. The areal extent in the north-east of the European part of Russia is considered for the pear moth Cydia pyrivora over a 60-year period.

We researched the nesting habits of the common starling and the tree sparrow in a woodland of Engels city altered by humans, the Saratov region. Birds’ selectivity in the choice of nesting holes was found. The way birds use nesting trees in different vital condition was researched. The estimation of spatial distribution of nests was made by the method called “the nearest neighbor”.

Most microorganisms in natural conditions exist in the form of biofilms. Due to this fact, the question of research of various substances influence on their formation process is relevant. This article presents data on the influence of various groups of pollutants, such as antibiotics (ampicillin, oxytetracycline), antiseptics (dioxidine, chlorhexidine), herbicides (glyphosate, clopyralid) and salts of heavy metals (CuSO4, HgCl2) in various concentrations on the intensity of biofilm formation by the strain Vibrio aquamarinus VKPM B-11245.

The article gives an analysis of the ecological diversity of Stipa pennata cenopopulations in different parts of the range using D. N. Tsiganov’s amplitude ecological scales (1983) for 10 environmental parameters. Communities with S. pennata in the center of the range in the northeast of the Saratov right bank in the "Khvalynsky" National Park and at the northern border of the range in the eastern part of the Russian plain in the «Mari Chodra» National Park are considered.

The paper presents the results of a study of microorganisms involved in the biofouling of technical and recycled water supply systems of the Novovoronezh nuclear power plant. Sampling was carried out at the following facilities: onshore pumping station (BPS), engine room (MH), spray pool (BB), central pumping station (CNS). The number of microorganisms that make up biofilms varied from 104 to 107 microbial cells in 1 ml. The species diversity at each object is represented by 2 to 3 types of bacteria.