пшеница

For field experiments  in an effort to elucidate functions  of the wheat lectin (wheat germ agglutinin, WGA), the establishment of varieties sharply  contrasting in the lectin content is  very  important. As  the starting point for solution of this  problem we studied the WGA variability  in the seeds  of 33 spring wheat varieties  obtained in two different breeding centers: Saratov's  and Kharkov’s  those. The vari­ ability  in response to environment for Saratovskaya 29 was  also estimated.

Проанализированы рост и развитие междоузлий на примере сорта Саратовская 36. Среди сортов яровой мягкой пшеницы саратовской селекции установлены различия по абсолютной и относительной длине междоузлий.

Исследовано влияние погодных условий на развитие семян мягкой яровой пшеницы, морфогенез и продуктивность побега. Засухоустойчивым сортам пшеницы свойственен более развитый конус нарастания побега зародыша зерновки. С момента прорастания семян наблюдается различие сортов по состоянию конуса нарастания и листьев. Высокая температура и недостаток влаги в период вегетации растений уменьшает площадь листовой поверхности, что зависит также от числа листьев и их метамерной принадлежности.

Приведены данные по определению содержания гваяколзависимой и о-фенилензависимой пероксидаз в корнях 2-суточных проростков пшеницы, выращенных в присутствии препаратов ЛПС ассоциативных диазотрофных ризобактерий A. brasilense Sp107 и S17. Показано увеличение активности гваяколовой пероксидазы, вызванное полисахаридами обоих штаммов. Выявлены штаммовые различия в действии ЛПС на содержание кислых и нейтральных фракций о-фенилензависимой пероксидазы.

Data by definition of the maintenance of pigments of photosynthesis (a chlorophyll and carotenoid) in leaves and top междоузлии a stalk of summer soft wheat at the moment of flowering are cited. Distinction by quantity of pigments in different zones of a plate top leaf at investigated grades is established: a chlorophyll – 0,72–5,1; carotenoid – 0,37– 1,3 mg/g of fresh weight. Increase of the maintenance of pigments from bottom to the top zone of a vagina top leaf and междоузлия is revealed.

It is defined macro- and microelement composition of glaukonite ore of the Beloozersky field of the Saratov region. It is established that it contains a set macro- and the minerals necessary for a mineral delivery of plants. The possibility of application of the studied glaukonite as tools for processing of seeds of grain seeding before crops, on the example of seeds of wheat and rye is considered.

In work results of research morphogenesis wheat are presented at presence or absence of the light factor. Influence of light on growth of all leaf shoot, activity of a cone of increase and growth of germinal root system of a seedling of wheat is established. In the presence of the light factor growth epicotyl begins with the moment of the termination of growth coleoptile. Growth epicotyl occurs synchronously to growth of a sheath of 1st leaf. In the absence of light growth coleoptile and epicotyl proceeds and after end of growth of a plate and a sheath of 1st leaf.

The object of the study was sprouts of durum wheat Triticum durum L. Cultivation was carried out at a temperature of 15 ± 1°C and 20 ± 2°C. To study the influence of the temperature factor on the development of the photosynthetic apparatus, the quantitative content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids was determined. Some varieties, when subjected to a change in the temperature of cultivation, respond with a change in the indices determining their stress tolerance, namely the ratio of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, carotenoids and chlorophylls.