Биология

Voronezh region is one of the most important areas of agriculture and crop production. The purpose of the study was to study the patterns of accumulation of the most dangerous heavy metals in wild medicinal plant raw materials of various ecotopes of the Voronezh region. The accumulation of heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, chromium) and arsenic was studied, using an example of 10 types of medicinal plant raw materials, which were produced in 51 ecotopes of the Voronezh region.

The authors analyzes the formation of «Paternal-childish» links among Saigas. In this woks the author describes the first female saiga licking her half-born calf. As a result, due to licking establishes contact and enhance the ties between mother and newborn calf. The author concludes that female saiga could be attributed to the active mother type as well as female eland antelope.

Antibacterial activity of diacetophenonylselinide (a compound 1) and its nitroderivative (a compound 2) on ten clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus is studied. Much higher antibacterial activity of the compound 2 which in concentration of 0,01 mg/ml at various time of influence causes destruction of 10,6-69,2 % of bacterial cells in comparison with the control is found out.

We have studied the characteristics of seed reproduction Artemisia 14 species from various parts of the Saratov region. It is shown that a population of five of them (A. vulgaris, A. salsaloides, A. dracunculus, A. glauca, A. austriaca) are characterized by high (at least 20-30%) frequency of gametophytic apomixis in plants, and three species (A. abrotanum, A. absinthium, A. armenica) have lower (10-15%) frequency of gametophytic apomixis.

We revealed that females compared with males demonstrated more favorable pattern of cardiovascular responses to stress. Actually, in females the chronotropic effects of stress were more pronounced, while the pressor effects were weakened compared with males. Hemodynamic parameters in females returned to normal more rapidly than in males. In addition to physiological characteristics, applications of multifractal analysis allowed us to reveal both, individual and gender distinctions in the stress-induced reactions of the cardiovascular system.

Megaspore- and megagametophytogenesis in tobacco mutant with reduced cells number in embryo sacs were studied. It is established, that the mutation causes a disturbance of one pair of homologous chromosomes conjugation in meiosis. Consequently alongside with the haploid (24-chromosomal) spores aneuploid (23-chromosomal) spores forms which are developed into abnormal embryo sacs. At cenocyte stage of megagametophytes development falling out of 1-2 mitoses and/or their abnormal course were observed, as well as abnormalities in embryo sacs polarization.

The data base of condition rare plants species in Saratov province has been composed for the first time for region. The structure of base and patterns of presenting data in various levels are considered. Keywords: DATA BASE, RARE SPECIES OF PLANTS, MONITORING, SARATOV PROVINCE