Polymeric Sorbents for the Collection of Oil and Oil Products from the Surface of Reservoirs: a 2000–2017 Review of the English-language Literature (Part 2)
Oil spills after tanker and pipeline accidents pose a serious threat to the environment, lead to the loss of energy carriers and severely pollute seawater. Mechanical extraction by sorption mechanism is an effective means of oil spill liquidation from the surface of reservoirs. The English 2000–2017 scientific and technical literature devoted to the design of sorbents based on polymeric materials for the collection (absorption) of spilled oil and oil products from the surface of reservoirs with the possibility of subsequent recovery of the useful product was searched and analyzed. The second part of our review is devoted to lesser-known polymeric sorption materials (polypropylene, polystyrene, styrene copolymers, polyurethane, melamine-formaldehyde resins, polyalkoxysilanes, chitosan, petrogels, polyacrylamide, and some polymers used to modify inorganic substrates – polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyurethane-polydimethylsiloxane, polytetrafluoroethylene), the characteristics of these sorbents are given. The maximum sorption capacity for these materials is as follows: 158 g/g for oil (UFC foam based on poly(melamine formaldehyde)), 160 g/g (polyurethane sponge covered with graphene oxide) and 163 g/g for chloroform (superhydrophobic silanized melamine sponge). The prospects of using the sorbents of these classes for cleaning the surfaces of reservoirs from oil spills and oil products are estimated.
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