The structure of productivity elements of durum wheat varieties of Saratov selection
The objects of the study were plants of 14 varieties of durum wheat Triticum durum Desf., permitted for use at different times in the period from 1975 to 2014. An analysis of the elements of ear productivity in durum wheat plants of Saratov varieties under the conditions of 2020 was carried out. The varietal features of the development of the spike of the main shoot were revealed according to a number of characteristics: the number of spikelets in a spike, the number of grains in an ear, the weight of a grain, the number of ungrained and grained spikelets. The height of the plant and the length of the spike were measured. On the basis of the data obtained, the selection indices were calculated – the Canadian index, the Mexican index, the index of the linear density of the ear, the morphogenetic index of productivity. A cultivar with a balanced type of morphogenetic systems was revealed in terms of the elements of ear productivity – the number of spikelets, the number of caryopses and their weight – Luch 25. This cultivar is characterized by the most developed embryonic shoot among the studied cultivars, as well as the maximum length of the embryonic root system and a high growth rate root system of the seedling.
- Druzhkin A. F., Popov N. G., Polyansky M. V. Productivity of millet depending on the use of herbicites, fertilizers and growth-stimulating substances in the Saratov Right Bank. Agrarian Scientifi c Journal, 2018, no. 12, pp. 21–24 (in Russian).
- Shamanin V. P., Petukhovsky S. L., Krasnova Yu. S. Cluster analysis of soft spring wheat varieties by the elements of the yield structure in the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia. Bulletin of Krasnoyarsk GAU, 2016, no. 4, pp. 147–152 (in Russian).
- Vasilchuk N. S. Selektsiya yarovoy tverdoy pshenitsy [Breeding of Spring Durum Wheat]. Saratov, NIISKh Yugo-Vostoka Publ., 2001. 119 p. (in Russian).
- Zakharova N. N., Zakharov N. G., Grosheva T. D. Density of productive stalk of soft winter wheat and its constituent elements in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga region. Bulletin of the Ulyanovsk State Agricultural Academy, 2018, no. 3 (43), pp. 64–71 (in Russian).
- Dragavcev V. A. Ekologo-genetichesky organization of quantitative signs of plants and theory of selection. In: Ecological genetics of cultural plants: сoll. of reports on School of young scientists on ecological genetics. Krasnodar, All-Russian Research Institute of rice, 2012, pp. 31–50 (in Russian).
- Stepanov S. A., Signaevsky V. D., Kasatkin M. Yu., Ivleva M. V. Formation of productivity elements of an ear of spring soft wheat. Izvestiya of Saratov University. Chemistry. Biology. Ecology, 2013, vol. 13, iss. 1, pp. 65–70 (in Russian).
- Morozova Z. A. Osnovnyye zakonomernosti morfogeneza pshenitsy i ikh znacheniye dlya selektsii [Main Patterns of Wheat Morphogenesis and Their Importance for Breeding]. Moscow, Moscow University Press, 1986. 164 p. (in Russian).
- Dospekhov B. A. Metodika polevogo opyta [Field Experiment Technique]. Moscow, Agropromizdat Publ., 1985. 352 p. (in Russian).
- Mikhaylenko I. M., Dragavcev V. A. Basic principles of modeling of systems of interaction genotype – environment. Agricultural Biology, 2010, no. 3, pp. 26–35 (in Ru ssian).
- Plisko L. G., Pakul V. N. Assessment of breeding lines of spring soft wheat by breeding indices. International Scientifi c Research Journal, 2017, no. 12-3 (66), pp. 127–130 (in Russian).
- Komarov N. M. Some aspects of the problem of interaction “Genotype –environment”. Achievements of Science and Technology of the Agro-industrial Complex, 2012, no. 7, pp. 39–41 (in Russian).
- Tarchevsky I. A. Signal’nyye sistemy kletok rasteniy [Plant Cell Signaling Systems]. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2002. 293 p. (in Russian).
- Hachaturov E. G., Korobko V. V., Stepanov S. A. Varietal features of the development of the embryo of the weevil Triticum durum Desf. Questions of Biology, Ecology, Chemistry and Teaching Methods: coll. of sci. art. Saratov, Amirit Publ., 2020, iss. 22, pp. 7–11 (in Russian).
- Hachaturov E. G., Korobko V. V. Some features of growth and development of seedlings of Triticum durum Desf. varieties of Saratov selection. Vavilov Readings – 2020: coll. of articles of the International Scientifi c and Practical Conference dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the discovery of the law of homological series and the 133rd anniversary of the birth of Academician N. I. Vavilov. Saratov, Amirit Publ., 2020, pp. 263–266 (in Russian).
- Hachaturov E. G., Korobko V. V. The Features of Growth of the Primary Root System of Triticum durum Desf. Varieties of the Saratov Breeding. Izvestiya of Saratov University. Chemistry. Biology. Ecology, 2020, vol. 20, iss. 4, pp. 433–437 (in R ussian). https://doi. org/10.18500/1816-9775-2020-20-4-433-437