Soil and climatic conditions are factors influencing the composition and structure of microbial communities of various agrocenoses. Since microbiota plays a key role in the development of plant resistance to pathogens, studying its regional dynamics is of signifi cant scientific and practical interest. A comparative study of the microbiota of eggplant (Solanum melongena L., 1753) plants grown in diff erent soil and climatic conditions in the right- and left-bank areas of the Saratov Region was conducted. One hundred healthy leaf samples were microbiologically analyzed. In the right-bank area, 10 bacterial species were isolated from the surface of eggplant plants and 11 species from internal tissues; in the left-bank area, these values were 5 and 4 species, respectively. The commonality index of the bacterial microbiomes of eggplant plants from the right and left banks of the Saratov Region was 40%. The most common bacterial species was Bacillus pseudomycoides. In addition to the main dominant species, B. halodurans was frequently found on the surface of eggplant leaf blades in the right-bank area, while B. circulans, B. oleronius, and Aneurinibacillus aneuriniliticus were found in internal tissues. On the left bank, B. lentus was frequently detected on the surface along with the main dominant fungus, while B. amyloliquefaciens, B. lentus, and B. simplex were found in the internal tissues. The similarity index of the species composition of mycocomplexes in eggplant plants from the right and left banks of the Saratov region was 67%. Five fungal species were isolated from the surface of right-bank plants, eight species from the left bank, and seven and six species, respectively, were isolated from the internal tissues of the plants. The most common micromycete was Rhizopus stolonifer. Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum were also frequently isolated from plants grown on the right bank, while Alternaria solani and Mucor ramosissimus were isolated from the left bank. The quantitative content of microorganisms on plants from the right and left banks also varied. Statistically signifi cant diff erences in the quantitative content of B. coagulans and B. halodurans bacteria and A. solani and R. stolonifer fungi on the leaf blade surface were observed, while B. amyloliquefaciens bacteria and A. niger, F. oxysporum, and M. ramosissimus fungi were found in the internal tissues. In most cases, the observed differences were toward a decrease in microorganism abundance on plants from the left bank.