амфимиксис

In a course of investigation of seed productivity under the pollenless regime of flowering in 154 natural populations of 98 species of 46 the Asteraceae genera from Saratov province gametophytic apomixis has been discovered in populations of 24 species from 14 genera. For the first time this mode of reproduction has bean revealed in 7 genera and 16 species of the family (Hieracium largum, Pilosella echioides, Tragopogon dubius, Lactuca serriola, Scorzonera ensifolia, Chondrilla latifolia. Ch.

We have studied the characteristics of seed reproduction Artemisia 14 species from various parts of the Saratov region. It is shown that a population of five of them (A. vulgaris, A. salsaloides, A. dracunculus, A. glauca, A. austriaca) are characterized by high (at least 20-30%) frequency of gametophytic apomixis in plants, and three species (A. abrotanum, A. absinthium, A. armenica) have lower (10-15%) frequency of gametophytic apomixis.

In 1949 S. S. Khokhlov (one of the founders of the Russian scientifi c school on the problem of apomixes) proved the original conception of the progressive evolutionary role of apomixis. He contended that the basic direction of the reproductive system evolution in angiosperms is a gradual failure of sex reproduction and transition to apomixis. This hypothesis was heavily criticized and called a “scientist’s fantasy”.

В ходе исследования семенной продуктивности при беспыльце-
вом режиме цветения и цитогенетических исследований в 250
естественных популяциях 166 видов 62 родов семейства Asteraceae
Европейской части России гаметофитный апомиксис обна-
ружен в популяциях 37 видов 20 родов. При этом гаметофитный
апомиксис обнаружен впервые у 26 видов 10 родов.
 

In 1949 S. S. Khokhlov (one of the founders of the Russian scientifi c school on the problem of apomixes) proved the original conception of the progressive evolutionary role of apomixis. He contended that the basic direction of the reproductive system evolution in angiosperms is a gradual failure of sex reproduction and transition to apomixis. This hypothesis was heavily criticized and called a “scientist’s fantasy”. In the second half of the 20th century the discovery of recombination repair led to a reassessment of the role of meiosis in the evolution.