Prospects for the Development of Biomimetic Hybrid Materials Based on the Layer-by-Layer Assembly Technique
Natural composite structures, such as horn bones and nacre (or socalled mother-of-pearl), are characterized by a structural organization ordered at the nanoscale. This material architecture has attracted a wide interest order to develop new hybrid composite materials with tunable mechanical properties. The сurrent review aimed to establish the prospects for the development of artificial methods for synthesis of mechanically strong biomimetic materials. In this paper, we provide a review on the current understanding of fundamental principles of the formation, the structure and properties of natural biomineralized composite materials, as well as a review of the results of synthetic routes for the synthesis of such materials, including sequential infiltration. In this approach calcium carbonate particles are supposed to be nucleated and grow within polymeric films, obtained via Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembly technique. The important role of polymer matrices in combination with unique capabilities of LbL assembly technique in control over the film composition opens up a wide range of possibilities for synthesis of artificial composite films with unique mechanical characteristics. Since growth of inorganic phase is strongly determined by the nature of polymers in the matrix, the possibility of LbL technique to control the composition in nanoscale opens up a way to tune the mineralization process. Considering high biocompatibility of such materials this approach can find wide range of applications including tissue engineering and drug delivery systems.
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