Viscosity Properties of Chitosan Solutions in Glycolic Acid
Viscosity properties of chitosan solutions with molecular weights of 700 and 200 kDa in 1.5% glycolic acid were studied in a wide range of polymer concentration and ionic strength of the medium by means of capillary and rotational viscometry. The concentration dependences of the specific viscosity were plotted. The influence of the molecular mass of chitosan and the NaCl-controlled ionic strength of the medium on the hydrodynamic volume of macrochains and their polyelectrolyte properties was established. The size of a polyion with an almost completely compensated charge was estimated. Shear viscosity rheograms were analyzed. It was shown that, depending on the concentration of chitosan, its solutions demonstrated the properties of Newtonian, structured or pseudoplastic fluids, respectively. The concentration range, at which the mass transfer mechanism changes and the fluctuation network of macrochains was formed, was determined. The concentration of the network formation and the efficiency of its labile nodes were shown not to depend on molecular weight of the sample, but rose with increasing the ionic strength of the solution. It was noted that the established features of viscometric properties of the studied polymeric system were due to the polyelectrolyte nature of chitosan and changes in the quality of its solvent medium. To form materials, it is advisable to use solutions with the chitosan concentration of at least 1.5–2.0 g/dl.
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