The Voronezh region is traditionally the most important area of crop production and farming. The purpose of the study was to study the contamination by heavy metals of medicinal vegetable raw materials of the Voronezh region using the example of grass of the bitter emery collected in urban and agro-ecological systems, which experience various anthropogenic effects. The accumulations of heavy metals (lead, mercury, cadmium, nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, chromium) and arsenic were studied, in 51 samples of pooch grass bitter. Comparing the data on heavy metal content in the upper soil layers of the region and the content of these elements in the grass of the pollen bitter, it can be assumed that there are significant physiological barriers to the accumulation of ecotoxicants in the generative organs of the plant, which is particularly noticeable for elements such as lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, cobalt and chromium. Pollen bitter is able to selectively concentrate some heavy metals entering the active centers of enzyme systems (such as copper and zinc). Thus, for a moon bitter under anthropogenic load conditions, an edaphotype is formed, which is formed as a result of the action of selection in conditions of man-made pollution of the external environment and is a manifestation of adaptation to these conditions. The results of the studies showed that the grass of the bitter emery is able to accumulate toxic elements from the soil, which is important in planning the places of production of medicinal vegetable raw materials and assessing their quality.