On the basis of the results from analyses of lipopolysaccharides of eight Azospirillum strains, we showed that the major fatty-acid contents in these lipopolysaccharides were those of 3-hydroxytetradecanoic, hexadecanoic 3-hydroxyhexadecanoic, and octadecenoic acids. This finding confirms that these microorganisms are correctly assigned to the α-subclass of Proteobacreria. An exception was the fatty-acid profile of the lipopolysaccharide from A.