adsorption

The search for new technologies for the purification of natural and waste water does not lose its relevance. Biologically, heavy metals are among the most dangerous pollutants. The highest toxicity among them has cadmium, causing serious environmental problems during technogenic pollution of the aquatic environment, and its extraction is an urgent task. The analysis of foreign studies on the extraction of cadmium ions is carried out.

The structural and sorption properties of composite sorbents based on natural bentonite modified with carbon compounds have been investigated. Modification of the initial bentonite by low-temperature (650°C) pyrolysis of sucrose in the presence of metal salts of the iron subgroup leads to a significant increase in the specific surface area of composite sorbents (up to 275 m2/g), this is due to low-temperature catalytic graphitization of the carbon fraction formed during pyrolysis.

The adsorption properties of granular glauconite sorbents and their modified analogues against with respect to Fe2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ cations were studied and compared with natural untreated samples. The process was carried out in a static mode. The maximum adsorption of samples and the calculated adsorption equilibrium constants were determined. It was established that modified sorbents possessed the most activity adsorption against cations in pelleted samples. Modification was carried during sequential heat and acid-salt treatment.

Containment of water vapor in natural gas prevents its transportation and applying as an internal combustion fuel. The most demanded drying technology is adsorption at high pressure. The construction of a mathematical model for predicting the process is a significant task. Through a mathematical model of the process of water adsorption from natural gas at pressures of 20–25 MPa and temperatures of 5–40°C in the presence of NaA 4A zeolite and aluminogel, commonly used dehumidifier, optimal drying conditions were selected.

A mathematical model of the adsorber was developed using the Toth equation. Microporous mordenite was synthesized to confirm model validation. The structure and characteristics of the obtained sorbent were confirmed by SEM, N2 adsorbtion, XRD and XRF methods. Adsorption of the hydrogen-methane mixture on H-form of synthesized mordenite was carried out at the pressure of 2 MPa and the temperature range of 20–35 °С.

The structural and sorption properties of composite sorbents based on natural bentonite modified with carbon compounds have been investigated. Modification of the initial bentonite by low-temperature (650°C) pyrolysis of sucrose in the presence of metal salts of the iron subgroup leads to a significant increase in the specific surface area of composite sorbents (up to 275 m2/g), this is due to low-temperature catalytic graphitization of the carbon fraction formed during pyrolysis.