изменчивость

Dihaploid lines, or lines obtained on the basis of doubled haploids, are a valuable material for the creation of high-heterosis corn hybrids. The most eff ective method of evaluating the starting material when selecting parental couples for obtaining hybrids is diallell analysis. The article presents the results of the analysis of indicators of 6 dihaploid corn lines and 30 simple corn hybrids of the dialle scheme. The combinative ability of lines along the stem length, the cob attachment height, and the panicle length was studied.

The article presents the results of studying the combination ability of new dihaploid maize lines created by diploidization of haploid plants obtained using a haploinducer line. The experiment involved simple hybrids (30 combinations) obtained according to the complete diallel scheme of 6 homozygous lines. The eff ects of GCA and variance of SCA lines, as well as the components of genetic variance in terms of the main morphometric parameters of the plant (stem length, ear height, panicle length, stem diameter, plant leaf surface area) were revealed.

Показан высокий уровень изменчивости таких признаков, как число генеративных побегов и число листьев в розетке прострелов лугового и раскрытого на территории Саратовской области в естественных условиях и в коллекции УНЦ «Ботанический сад» Саратовского государственного университета. Более постоянными являются параметры цветка. Наибольшие показатели отмечены у культивируемых растений. Особи исследуемых растений лучше развиваются на каменистых бескарбонатных почвах по сравнению с песчаными.

Delphinium pubiflorum grows sparsely in the meadow-steppe forbgrass-shrub community on carbonate chernozem fairly rich soil. Habitat conditions correspond to moderately variable meadow-steppe hydration. The spatial structure of populations of non-uniform: there are a multitude of plants and detached instances; population density was approximately 7–8 plants per 100 m2.

The results of researches of 7 coenopopulations of North American invasivespeciesHordeumjubatumL.(Poaceae)inthe Trans-Urals of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Hordeum jubatum spreads on the steppe zone of the region. It dominates over other plants and it is share of participation in the community is 45,5–60,5%. The density of grass invasive species – 9–18 plants per 1 m2.Each plant produces 35 to 68 shoots, on average, is more than 600 shoots per 1 m2. The biomass of the type is no more than 0.25 kg/m2. Seed production is 39–54 pcs.

The peculiarities of adaptation and variability of Salix alba L. at the morphological level were studied in extreme natural and technogenic conditions of the Southern Urals. It was found that Salix alba is characterized by a wide ecological valence, and in terms of morphological variability – is stable morphological structure. The influence of geographical, climatic and anthropogenic factors on the level of morphological integration of Salix alba was revealed.