antibiotics

Large-scale production and use of antimicrobials in human, veterinary and agricultural applications has led to antibiotic contamination of water resources. Therefore, it is relevant to develop methods for monitoring the content of antibiotics, especially in water resources. Biosensor methods are successful for the analysis of antibiotics. One of the main elements of a biosensor system is the selection of a recognition element.

The method has been proposed for the spectrophotometric determination of antibiotics of the cephalosporin (cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, cefazolin) and penicillin (amoxicillin) groups using chemometric data processing (method of partial least squares, PLS). The absorption spectra of 24 binary mixtures of “cephalosporin – cephalosporin” and 16 binary mixtures of “cephalosporin – amoxicillin” with various concentrations in the range of 3–27 and 5–140 μg/ml have been recorded.

The results of the study of the influence of various surfactants, cyclodextrins, and ions of Europium on the antibiotics separation according to the method of the thin layer chromatography in medical products are presented.

Amoxicillin is a semi-synthetic aminopenicillin ?-lactam series with a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against many gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It is included in the list of essential drugs. Test systems for the detection and identification of amoxicillin are missing. We have obtained indicator papers with immobilized ninhydrin and p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde for the test determination of amoxicillin. The reaction conditions were selected, depending on the temperature and time.

Cefuroxime is a cephalosporin antibiotic with a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity for gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It is in the list of vital and essential drugs for medical use. Currently, spectroscopic, chromatographic, electrochemical methods are used to determine cefuroxime. In current study we developed test agents in the form of indicator papers and powders with an immobilized Fehling reagent for the rapid determination of cefuroxime. Cellulose paper and silica gel were used as a solid matrix to create testing means.

An increase in the number of drugs, including antibiotic substances entering the environment, necessitates studies of their impact on the functioning of ecosystems. In the global cycle of substances, the nitrogen cycle is one of the main processes. An important role is played by the nitrification process. For the first time, the effect of antibiotics of different groups: oxytetracycline, tylosin, benzylpenicillin on the nitrifying activity of sod-podzolic soil under their individual and combined exposure by laboratory modeling, was studied.