крахмал

Показано, что буровые шламы представляют собой источник специализированных микроорганизмов, способных к утилизации различных компонентов, входящих в состав буровых растворов, включая нефтяные углеводороды, крахмал. Из двух образцов буровых шламов методами прямого высева и накопительного культивирования выделено 8 микробных штаммов с широким субстратным спектром в отношении нефтяных углеводородов различной степени токсичности, что свидетельствует о перспективности использования таких микроорганизмов в биотехнологиях обезвреживания буровых отходов.

Composite films were obtained from a mixture of starch, polyvinyl alcohol, and a plasticizing additive based on aspartic acid. The surface morphology, structural features of the composites, and their behavior in a polythermic mode were studied by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometry, IR spectroscopy, differential thermal and thermogravimetric analysis. Only carbon dioxide was detected in the gaseous products of thermal decomposition of the samples. The sorption and physico-mechanical properties of our composite films were analyzed.

Scientific literature in English from 2010 to 2019, devoted to the problem of the development of sorbents based on polymeric materials, intended for collecting spilled oil and oil products from the surface of reservoirs, was scanned and analyzed. Three most numerous classes of polymeric sorbent materials (cellulosic materials, acrylate copolymers and synthetic rubbers) were identified, and the oil sorbents proposed are characterized. Prospects of using sorbents of these classes for cleaning up the surface of reservoirs from oil spills were discussed.

The article presents the results of the study of raw materials (sugar, starch) and biologically active substances (pectin substances, catechins, saponins, flavonols, ascorbic acid) in the leaves and rhizomes of Hemerocallis hybrida plants of the Speak to me variety during seasonal development during 2013–2015. The quantitative content of the main groups of substances in underground and aboveground organs during vegetation, flowering and fruiting was determined.