фазовые равновесия

The solubility of potassium iodide in the mixed solvent water – tretbutyl alcohol (tret-C₄H₉OH) was studied by means of the sections method at 25°C under atmospheric pressure. The phase diagram of the KI – H₂O – tret-C₄H₉OH system has been plotted and discussed. The system is classified as that with salting-out.

Phase equilibria and critical phenomena in cut 1 of the quaternary system water - pyridine - butyric acid - potassium chloride whose constituent ternary liquid system had a closed binodal curve were studied by means of the visual-polythermal method within 5-80°C. The volumes of two monotectic states in the composition tetrahedron have been found to be in contact via critical tie lines with increasing temperature.

Phase equilibria and critical phenomena in cut 3 of the quaternary system water - pyridine - butyric acid - potassium chloride whose constituent ternary liquid system had a closed binodal curve were studied by means of the visual-polythermal method within 5-90°C. We have determined the temperature dependence of the solution composition corresponding to the critical solution point of the immis- cibility region.

Phase equilibria and critical phenomena in the ternary system potas­ sium formate - water - n.butoxyethanol, where a constituent binary liquid system is characterized by phase separation with a closed delamination region, were studied by means of the visual-polythermal method within 25-170°C. The temperature dependences of the com­ positions of the mixtures corresponding to the critical solubility points in the delamination region were determined.

Effects of studies of phase equilibriums in binary systems perchloromethane - n-geptadecan and ethylene tetrachloride - n-geptadecan for which one performance of dots of nonvariant equilibriums are determined are resulted. Comparison counted on Schroder - Le-Shatele's method and experimentally found compositions of eutectics has demonstrated that deflection under the content polychlorinated derivative hydrocarbon doesn't exceed 2.7 percent. It testifies that the learnt systems are close to the ideal.

С применением метода дифференциального термического анализа изучены фазовые равновесия в стабильном пентатопе LiF-LiKMoO₄-Li₂MoO₄-KCl-KBr пятикомпонентной взаимной системы Li,K||F,Cl,Br,MoO4. В исследуемой системе подтверждено образование непрерывных рядов твердых растворов на основе хлорида и бромида калия.

Визуально-политермическим методом в интервале – 10–125 ^oС изучены фазовые равновесия и критические явления в двойной системе вода–н-бутиловый спирт. Система характеризуется расслаиванием с верхней критической температурой растворения (ВКТР), равной 124.4 ^oС. При –2.4 ^oС в системе осуществляется нонвариантное монотектическое равновесие, твердой фазой которого являются кристаллы льда. Построена фазовая диаграмма системы.