For citation:
Kubasheva R. N., Yerzhanova N. S., Kuzmina R. I., Kunasheva Z. K. Liquid products of thermal treatment of organo-mineral sludge: Chemical characterization and fuel properties. Izvestiya of Saratov University. Chemistry. Biology. Ecology, 2026, vol. 26, iss. 1, pp. 4-12. DOI: 10.18500/1816-9775-2026-26-1-4-12, EDN: AJGSAM
Liquid products of thermal treatment of organo-mineral sludge: Chemical characterization and fuel properties
This study presents the results of a comprehensive investigation of liquid products obtained during the thermal treatment of organo-mineral sludge. The main focus is placed on determining the chemical composition, establishing fractional distribution, and evaluating the fuel characteristics of the resulting liquid fraction. A set of analytical methods, including gas chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis, has been employed to provide a detailed characterization of the product. It has been established that the liquid fraction is enriched with isoparaffi nic, aromatic, naphthenic, and olefi nic hydrocarbons, while paraffi ns (5,2 wt.%) and oxygenates (4,5 wt.%) are present in smaller amounts. The chemical composition indicates the occurrence of complex thermal degradation processes of the organic part of the sludge, followed by secondary condensation of volatile products. Chromatographic analysis of the light fraction revealed signifi cant contents of toluene (10,96 wt.%), ethylbenzene (3,06 wt.%), o-xylene (3,75 wt.%), and 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene (4,19 wt.%). In addition, isoparaffi nic hydrocarbons such as 2,3,5-trimethylhexane (5,20 wt.%) and i-butylcyclopentane (5,77 wt.%) have been identifi ed, along with naphthenic compounds (C7 -C17) and arenes (C11-C18), forming a diverse hydrocarbon profi le of the liquid fraction. Fractionation of the liquid product showed that the light fraction (up to 100°С ) is characterized by high octane numbers: 76,8 by the motor method and 93,3 by the research method. The main contribution to the octane number comes from isoparaffi ns (38,1 by the research method) and aromatic compounds (33,5), while the share of paraffi ns, olefi ns, and oxygenates is signifi cantly lower. Thus, the liquid fraction obtained from the thermal treatment of organo-mineral sludge exhibits properties comparable to motor fuels and may be considered both as a promising alternative fuel and as a feedstock for chemical synthesis. These fi ndings highlight the potential of utilizing organo-mineral wastes as secondary energy resources within sustainable waste-to-energy technologies.
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