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A novel scheme of the isothermal phase diagram of the quaternary system salt + three solvents with three liquid-phase equilibrium (its ternary liquid subsystem to be characterized by a band-like delamination region) was deduced by means of the topological transformation method.

Complexation of the rare-earth elements (REE) La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb with o-phthalic acid was studied potentiometrically at 298 K and an ionic strength of 0.2 (KCl). Complex species MHA²⁻ and MA⁺, M being REE and A – C₆H₄O₄²⁻, were detected. The pH range and stability constants of the complexes were established.

The structure of complexes of lithium, sodium, and potassium cations with molecules of several aprotic solvents (diethyl carbonate, dimethyl sulfoxide, and dimethyl formamide) was studied by means of the density functional method. Changes in the geometry and electronic structure of the solvent molecules at their coordination with an alkaline metal ion are considered.

Optimal conditions for synthesis of 2,4-diphenyl-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrochromillium salts on the basis of triketones of 2-(1,3- diphenyl-3-oxopropyl)-cyclohexanedione-1,3 have been found. For the first time the ability of oxo-1,5-diketones with no substituent at C-1 of the side chain to form salts has been established.