The diving bell spider or water spider Argyroneta aquatica (Clerck, 1757) is the only spider species in the world that lives in the water column. From the territory of the Samara region, the spider was known only from two isolated fi nds – from the Kinelsky and Stavroposky districts. The purpose of this work is to analyze data on the water spider in the Samara region, on its habitats and factors limiting its distribution and abundance.