Assessment of Growth-Regulating Activity and Ecotoxicity of Diarylidene-Substituted Cyclohexanones
The search of new biologically active substances to be used as herbicides and plant growth regulators is carried out. The two compounds were used – 2-benzylidene-6-(m-nitrobenzylidene) cyclohexanone (1) and 2-benzylidene-6-(p-fluorobenzylidene) cyclohexanone (2). They are similar in structure, but containing different functional groups in one of the benzene rings: -NO2, and -F. Their dose-dependent effect on the germination and growth of Triticum aestivum and Barbarea vulgaris was investigated. High concentrations of the both substances completely suppressed seed germination (1 g/L) and inhibited the growth of seedlings of the plants (0.1 g/L). It was found that the compounds showed a growth-regulating effect on selected plant species in the concentration range of 0.0001–0.01 g/L. The compound 1 (0.001 g/L) significantly stimulated seed germination (15%) and seedlings growth of T. aestivum (70–100%), but the influence on the growth of B. vulgaris was lesser. Fluorine-containing compound 2 in the same concentration inhibited the stems growth of T. aestivum seedlings and suppressed the growth of B. vulgaris roots in the first days of experience. Ecotoxicological studies showed that a fluorine-containing compound is more toxic than a compound with a nitrogroup. According to the results of two biotests (S. quadricauda, D. magna), substance 2 at the concentration of 0.01 g/L showed acute toxicity. Both compounds in concentrations less than 0.001 g/L are non-toxic, i.e. they are environmentally safe and can be used as plant growth regulators.
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